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Stress

Maltese Dogs and Emotional Stress

Overview

Canines can become emotionally stressed and this can manifest in a variety of ways. Stress can be either acute or chronic and can be triggered by a range of situational issues. Fortunately, there are a number of steps that can help a dog de-stress. 

This article covers signs that a Maltese is feeling emotional stressed, top triggers for stress, the long-term health consequences for dogs that suffer from chronic stress, and 20 things you can do to help your Maltese puppy or dog (and you) feel better. 

Signs that a Maltese is Stressed

Some of the signs that a dog is emotionally stressed out are straightforward, but others may surprise you. Signs may include 1 or more of the following:
  • Yawning (generally more intense than yawning due to boredom or being sleepy)
  • Licking
  • Chewing (self, toys, or non-toy objects)
  • Pacing
  • Acting withdrawn, loss of interest
  • Full-body shakes (similar to shaking off when wet)
  • Changes in appetite
  • Digestive changes (increased bowel movements, loose stools, diarrhea or constipation)
  • Poor coat health, hair loss
  • Increase in housebreaking accidents
  • Restlessness, unable to relax
  • Rapid blinking, sometimes with dilated pupils (this is usually seen with severe, acute instances) 

What Can Cause a Maltese to Become Stressed

This article was published during the very stressful time of the coronavirus pandemic, which quickly affected people around the globe. In a matter of months, and with little warning, life changed, and those changes were felt not only by people but by pets too. Aside from this, there are several other events and situations that can cause a Maltese to suffer from emotional stress.

Top triggers include: 
  • Physical neglect
  • Harsh discipline
  • Changes in the daily schedule
  • Having fewer playdates or interaction with other dogs or other pets
  • Losing a beloved family member (human or animal)
  • The addition of a new family member (human or animal)
  • A marked decrease in outdoor exercise
  • A marked decrease in interactions with family members or others
  • Being home alone or increased time in being home alone
  • Moving to a new home
  • Loud, hostile, or chaotic environment (jarring noise disturbances, yelling, etc.)
  • Mishandling or teasing (may be done by young children)
  • Exposure to owners who themselves are worried, anxious, or stressed  

How Your Stress Can Become Your Maltese’s Stress

When people feel stressed and overwhelmed, this can easily transfer to others in the household, including pets. So, it’s important to look at your own stress levels, the general vibe in the house, and how your Maltese may be feeling. 

Though the Maltese (and other breeds) are absolutely brilliant at picking up on stress cues and helping to comfort their humans, when there is a chronically stressful situation there is often a breaking point when a dog is simply unable to bear the weight of it all and will become stressed themselves. 

And for pet parents that believe they are keeping their stress a secret, they should know that it’s awfully hard to trick a dog. Canines are extremely clever in reading non-verbal cues and deciphering tone of voice. It’s nearly impossible to be feeling sad, tense, anxious, or worried without your Maltese knowing about it. 

This is not to say that you should not feel that way. Certainly, it’s only natural to react to stressful situations by feeling, well, stressed. However, there are things you can do to help your Maltese de-stress. And some of these remedies can work wonders for you to. We’ll dive into this next. 

How Long-term Stress Can Affect Your Maltese

It's been known for some time that stress affects dogs, sometimes to a severe degree. And it's also been proven that stress has measurable and often severe health consequences for humans. So, does long-term stress affect a dog's health? There are many more studies that need to be done in this regard. However, there are some studies on canines and stress that indicate dogs that suffer from chronic stress have shortened life spans, more skin disorders, increased rate of infections, lower antibody response to vaccinations, and increased occurrences of gastric ulceration. 

And aside from physical health, pet parents need to consider quality of life and the fact that suffering from stress can really affect a dog's ability to find joy in their everyday lives. 

So in all regards, this is something that should be addressed and reassessed over time to help canine family members live a life as peaceful and happy as possible. 

20 Ways to Help a Maltese De-stress

#1 Tone down the volume. 
There’s no need for the house to be dead quiet, but TVs and stereos should not have their volumes blasted. If your Maltese is gets spooked by the vacuum, blender, or other loud household appliances, have someone bring them to another room or outside.  
#2 Create a quiet food and water area.
As a general rule for all dogs, and especially for those that are feeling stressed, it is important to offer a quiet, peaceful, and completely undisturbed area to eat and drink. There should be no foot traffic at all, no one should be sitting nearby, and talking to a dog while they eat or drink should be kept to a bare minimum. If you have more than one pet, though they may like eating together, it can create feelings of competition and each pet may appreciate their own private areas (for example, two separate corners of the kitchen).  
#3 Prevent mishandling or teasing.
If there are young children in the house or that come as visitors, proper handling should be taught and interactions should be supervised.   
#4 Address any tone of voice issues.
If there is yelling or angry disagreements in the household, this is sure to stress out everyone, including your Maltese. While you cannot always control how someone else acts, if things get heated, perhaps you can leave the room/house with your Maltese until things cool down. 

And one interesting thing to keep in mind is that some people, purely out of habit, speak with a gloomy or depressed voice. In those cases, the ‘fake it ‘til you make it’ method can help and trying to speak with a happier tone can actually make you happier. 
#5 Keep a daily schedule. 
Dogs are creatures of habit. They like to know what will happen when. So, when things don’t happen as expected, it can cause them to feel uneasy. And when things do happen when expected, it offers a sense of security. 

Create a basic schedule and anytime your Maltese’s regular schedule gets changed due to circumstances out of your control, work to create a new one that they can learn to depend on. This includes such things as meal times, walks, playtime together, grooming, baths, and when it’s time to relax before bedtime. 
#6 Provide the option to retreat. 
Dogs should always have the option of retreating somewhere secure and comforting, anytime that they wish. 
Having a designated area set up in a quiet spot, with a comfortable dog bed, can allow a Maltese to metaphorically say “time out!’ to rest and recharge if their anxiety levels are high. This can be especially helpful when younger children, visitors, a cat, or other things are pushing a Maltese's tolerance level. 

If your little guy or gal has times when they are home alone, it may be best to have that area be within a canine playpen like the IRIS Pet Playpen with a Door. This is best for housebreaking and keeps stress-relieving toys (more ahead) right by their side. 
In regard to the bed, there are some that are designed especially for stress relief, like the Best Friends Donut Cuddler.  

Whichever area you choose to set things up, be sure that it’s quiet but not isolated. A designated corner of the kitchen or living room are good examples. 
#7 Use distractions and alternatives.
Some stressful events such as the loss of a family member or not seeing someone special any longer (a dog that used to be a playmate moves away, a favorite groomer retires, etc.) can be particularly difficult to navigate. 

In these cases, it can help to offer new scenery (new sights, sounds, and scents) as a distraction. Some examples are walks around a shoreline or through a new ‘easy’ hike trail. If your Maltese seems to perk up or de-stress with this, try to make part of your regular daily or weekly routine. 

And, alternatives should be sought, if possible, in cases of playmates, favorite groomers, and others. 
#8 Stress-relieving chew toys. 
Some dogs find chewing to be a good stress-reliever. But problems can occur if they don’t have the right things to chew on. Subpar toys can be ripped up and non-toy items can be destroyed. So, while you should certainly work to reduce any underlying stress, it can help to offer good chew toys if that’s something that your Maltese finds to be helpful. 

If you want to encourage your Maltese to chew on a certain toy, choose a scented one like the Nylabone Dura Chew Bacon Flavored Bone Chew Toy
#9 Boredom-busting toys. 
Boredom can be a stress trigger or at the very least exacerbate existing stress, so giving your Maltese a toy to keep them occupied can offer a break from stressful feelings. 

Interactive toys that respond to a dog are usually helpful in this regard. For example, the Pet Qwerks Talking Babble Ball which says silly phrases when it’s nosed or pawed. 
And treat-release toys that slowly dispense food as they are played with are another great option. Something like the PetSafe Busy Buddy Barnacle Toy works well for small breeds like the Maltese. 
#10 Companion toys. 
If your Maltese is stressed due to being home alone or if periodic isolation is a double-whammy of stress for them, a companion toy can be a wonderful stress-soother. One like the SmartPetLove Snuggle Puppy Toy is a life-size, cozy, stuffed animal that emits a rhythmic heartbeat and sends out comforting body warmth; this sort of ‘friend’ can really help dogs that feel stressed due to loneliness. 
#11 Relaxing music. 
You might know this to be true for humans, but it’s also true for canines: listening to certain types of music can be very calming to both the body and mind. Certain tempos can induce relaxation and effectively wash away stress. 

So, what sort of music can help a Maltese de-stress? An example is Through A Dog's Ear: Vol 1, Music To Calm Your Canine Companion which has been clinically tested and has helped countless canine family members. 
#12 Give ear rubs. 
Canine ears contain a very dense network of nerves. When the ears are massaged, this sends certain nerve impulses to the brain, releasing endorphins (the feel-good chemicals that are awesome stress-reducers). 

To optimally help your Maltese relax via ear massages, start at the base, using small circular motions, moving to the tips and back down again. Ideally, you’ll use both hands to do both ears at the same time. A 10-minute session, 1 to 3 times a day can do wonders. 

A bonus is that petting a dog has been clinical proven to reduce stress for humans, so this should help you at the same time. 
#13 Kneaded massage to the large muscles. 
It may be no surprise that feeling emotionally stressed can cause physical tension. This holds true for both humans and dogs. Canines tend to hold their stress in their upper legs and shoulders (withers). Giving your Maltese a massage on these areas can help ease that tightness and reduce feelings of stress. 

The method to do this is rather straightforward. It’s usually best to use both hands. You can massage with your thumb and pointer finger or with your index and middle finger. Start with a light touch (you can go a bit firmer as you progress), kneading the muscles in small circular motions. Up and then back down, slowly repeating. Do one body part at a time; for example, left shoulder then right shoulder. 

Just like giving your Maltese ear rubs (previous tip), a 10-minute session, 1 to 3 times a day can be beneficial. 
#14 Relaxing brushing sessions. 
Some dogs dislike being groomed, so if that describes your Maltese, you can skip this tip. But many dogs find it relaxing to be brushed. This is especially true if there are no mats or tangles to contend with and if you use a brush that reaches down to massage the skin. 

Checking the coat first with a wide-tooth comb can help ensure mats are found and using a leave-in conditioner like The Stuff for Dogs Leave-in Conditioner can help the coat stay tangle-free (as well as keep hair healthy and strong).
To brush as a de-stressing method, use a polished round-tip or bubble-tipped pin brush like the ConairPRO Pin Brush for Dogs. The longer each brush stroke, the better it will feel; So, for example, start at the top of the head, go down between the shoulders, over the back, and curve over the rump. 
#15 Aromatherapy.
In case you haven’t tried this for yourself yet, aromatherapy involves the scents of certain essential oils, either applied topically or via a mist, which can be very effective in producing calming effects, among other emotional responses. Studies, like this one from the NIH, show that lavender can reduce stress for both humans and dogs. 
Other essential oils that may also be beneficial to combat stress include orange, peppermint, evening primrose oil, and lemongrass. 

There are two basic methods of aromatherapy for dogs. The first is to use a topical spray like Natural Pet Aromatherapy Lavender Spray by Honeydew which has both lavender and evening primrose oil. This is applied to the coat as needed (usually every other day, and keep in mind your Maltese, with their amazing scenting capabilities, will pick up the scent after your mere mortal nose no longer can). 
The other option, and the one that can also help you if you’re feeling stressed, is to use a diffuser like the Everlasting Comfort Diffuser for Essential Oils, along with lavender (or another) essential oil. 
#16 Calming pheromones (for acute stress).  
Pheromones are chemical messages that travel through scent and work as a sort of communication system. There are many types and they are species-specific, meaning that a human pheromone will not send a message to canines and vice-versa. Dogs rely on pheromones quiet a bit, as these are involved in the greetings that dogs do (when sniffing the anal glands of each other) to learn about the other dog’s gender, health status, and mood. 

One pheromone that plays a role in stress levels for dogs is called the Dog Appeasing Pheromone (DAP) and this is released by nursing dams, to send messages to the pups that they are safe and protected. 

There are products that mimic the DAP and these can work to varying degrees. This is most helpful in cases of acute stress, like that brought on by a thunderstorm or fireworks. There is no evidence that it can help with chronic stress.  
#17 Calming supplements. 
There are a number of over-the-counter supplements that can help reduce stress with canines. Not all work for all dogs, and some can actually be too sedating, so it may take some time to see what works best with each individual dog. Please note that this sort of supplement is often best for dogs whose stress manifests as restlessness and agitation, rather than those who become sullen and mopey. 

Some noteworthy options that are considered safe for dogs include L-theanine (an amino acid that works to increase levels of GABA, serotonin and dopamine), L-tryptophan (another amino acid that can increase levels of serotonin), Valerian root (made from the roots of a flowering plant called Valeriana officinalis, and which has compounds thought to help decreased anxiety and help with insomnia), and melatonin (which can ease anxiousness and improve sleep). 

If you’d like to try this sort of supplement to help your Maltese with their stress levels, one to consider is Zesty Paws Advanced Calming Soft Chews for Dogs which has a combo of the aforementioned supplements of L-theanine (shows as Suntheanine which is a pure form), L-tryptophan, Valerian root, and melatonin, as well organic hemp and chamomile. You'll want to offer the smallest dose that works, so start with 1/4 of a chew. Increase to 1/2 or 3/4 chew if needed. 
#18 Enough exercise.
Regular exercise for dogs should not be underestimated as a stress-reducer. It helps in so many ways. For general health, it keeps the heart strong, helps keep muscles toned, strengthens supporting muscles around the knees (vital as a dog ages), and helps with digestion and metabolism, among other things. And for emotional health, exercise helps a dog work off nervous energy, can reduce depression, and can invigorate their mental state by providing new sights, sounds, and scents. 

Most Maltese should be exercised at least twice a day (more is just fine for those that enjoy it), for a minimum of 20-minute sessions and at a moderate pace.

You can take your Maltese for brisk walks or play games of fetch (which has the added bonus of quality time with you; more ahead). Does your Maltese need a fun fetch toy? Consider colorful Zanies Mini Tennis Balls for Dogs which are sized perfectly for toy breeds like the Maltese. 
#19 Raise self-confidence. 
A great way to reduce stress and help a dog perk up is to offer them a ‘job’. Ideally, it’ll be one a fun distraction that keeps them busy, involves rewards, and builds self-confidence. 

There are two great ways to make this happen, one is a type of independent play and the other is a team effort with you and your Maltese. 

Independent play: A snuffle mat is perfect for this. These are fabric mats of varying sizes and shapes that have lots of fabric flaps. You set this up by sprinkling dry treats throughout it. Then it is your Maltese’s job to ‘forage’ for those treats. Most dogs love doing this, it’s self-rewarding, and it allows them to engage their amazing canine scenting abilities which is fun for any dog. The Snuffle Mat by STELLAIRE CHERN is a wonderful snuffle mat for small dogs like the Maltese, as well as larger dogs. 
Team effort: This involves you (as the teacher) helping your Maltese (the student) learn something new. This can be a basic command (like sit, come, or down) or a fun trick; either will provide a chance for your Maltese to receive rewards for ‘good tries’ and to feel good as they work towards achieving a new skill.  
 
An awesome resource for teaching all sorts of things is the book 101 Dog Tricks by Kyra Sundance. It has step-by-step training instructions with photos for all basic commands and a bunch of really fun tricks including dance steps (twirls, leg weaves, figure 8’s, and more), doggie push-ups, picking cards from a deck, peek-a-boo, waving goodbye, and a ton of other ones. 
Tip: When you are using treats for foraging work with a snuffle mat, command training, or to teach your Maltese anything new, it helps to use small, soft training treats that are strongly scented and are reserved just for those sessions (not given as a regular snack). Of course, you’ll want to hold them to the same standards as all food which includes being all-natural with no additives, by-products, etc. A good example of treats to use is Zuke's Mini Natural Training Dog Treats
#20 Anxiety jacket/compression wrap (for acute stress).
An anxiety jacket, also known as an anxiety vest, shirt, or compression wrap is a (normally) soft fabric that wraps around a dog, similar to an adjustable shirt. It provides gentle pressure and the methodology of doing this is similar to swaddling a baby. It can work very well to help keep a dog calm and feeling secure under stressful circumstances. 

This sort of remedy works best for acute stress including when there’s fireworks or a thunder and lightning storm, though some pet parents have also found it works well for traveling, when cutting nails, for vet visits, and other such instances of short-term tension. 
If you think you'd like to see if this works for your Maltese, one jacket to consider is the AKC Anti Anxiety and Stress Relief Calming Coat for Dogs

Summary and a Final Thought

It’s not always possible to avoid all stress, but there are definitely steps you can take to greatly minimize anxiety and help your Maltese feel calmer and more secure. 

Let’s take a look at the summary of our top 20 tips for reducing stress for a Maltese:  
  1. Tone down the volume 
  2. Create a quiet food and water area 
  3. Prevent mishandling or teasing  
  4. Address any tone of voice issues 
  5. Keep a daily schedule
  6. Provide the option to retreat 
  7. Use distractions and alternatives
  8. Stress-relieving chew toys 
  9. Boredom-busting toys
  10. Companion toys 
  11. Relaxing music
  12. Give ear rubs
  13. Kneaded massage to the large muscles 
  14. Relaxing brushing sessions
  15. Aromatherapy
  16. Calming pheromones (for acute stress)
  17. Calming supplements
  18. Enough exercise
  19. Raise self-confidence 
  20. Anxiety jacket/compression wrap (for acute stress)
Whichever methods you choose to help your Maltese, be sure to implement them on a consistent basis and give it a week or more to see if there is improvement. For severe situations or when home remedies do not help, contact the veterinarian; it may be time for a physical exam to rule out underlying health issues and you can discuss the option of prescribed anti-anxiety medication. 
Other Helpful Articles:
When a Maltese Smells Bad - Regardless of how a puppy or dog looks, there can be an odd odor. See the most common reasons and exact steps to have your Maltese smelling nice and clean again. 
When a Maltese Chews at Their Paws - Reasons for this include allergic reactions that cause itching, irritation from walking surfaces, stress, and habit. Learn how to respond and stop this behavior. 
When a Maltese Eats Grass - If your little guy or gal loves to munch on grass, see why this can be detrimental and ways you can stop this habit. 
Vaccination Schedule for Maltese - A summary of which shots are needed when. Includes both puppy vaccinations and adult boosters. 
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